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Custom Harmonicas by Andrew Zajac
The most expressive harmonicas

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Compact reed plate claws tweak

By Andrew | 4:37 PM EDT, Thu May 08, 2025
  • Andrew's Blog

Making both reed plates flat is one of the easiest things you can do to get more power and better control of your harmonica. It's very effective.

All my kits come with some version of the reed plate claws. They are the tools I use to straighten reed plates on my custom harmonicas.

The compact reed plate claws are sleek and easy to use. They are comfortable to hold.

They are made for the harp player who doesn't want to spend a whole lot of time adjusting, optimizing or customizing every instrument in their collection. They are for occasional use.

That being said, I like them a lot and I use them every day. They aren't as sturdy as the dual reed plate claws - and for harp service providers, that's what I recommend. ....Even if I don't follow the rules... The dual reed plate claws are made to last.

I've been thinking about making the Compact Claws a little more thick. I want them to still be sleek and easy to use. I've been prototyping and some of my kits out there may have shipped with some new thicker version.

I tried making them out of bulletproof steel just for fun. They look great but metal is not the ideal material for this.
We don't want to wreck the reed plate!

I've settled on a design that's more sturdy, comfortable to use and still made from the earth friendly composite material I make use to make my Dark Combs.

They are thicc!

You can order them here.

Music makes us human

By Andrew | 6:35 AM EDT, Mon May 05, 2025
  • Andrew's Blog

A cover of my favorite song.

The Hockey Stick (for tuning the harmonica)

By Andrew | 5:16 PM EDT, Thu May 01, 2025
  • Andrew's Blog

Just about everything you do to a harp affects the tuning so it stands to reason the last thing you should do is adjust the tuning.
But how do you make adjustments to the tuning without messing up the shape of the reeds or undoing other hard-earned adjustments?
To lower the pitch using a file, you can support a blow reed while the reed plate is still on the comb using the Hockey Stick.
Place your finger over top and you are supporting the reed! As long as you file an area that you are supporting, you won't change the shape of the reed.
We usually support a reed to lower the pitch using a plinker/support tool. It's just a matter offiling the base of the reed from the inside of thechannel with a Swiss file.

(FAQ) Should a rank beginner buy a custom harmonica?

By Andrew | 6:52 AM EDT, Sun April 27, 2025
  • Andrew's Blog

That's a good question. Whether getting a custom harmonica as a rank beginner is a good idea or a bad idea depends on your goals. If you don't really have a clear sense of your goals, then this might be an opportunity to think about them.

If you just want to enjoy yourself, a custom harmonica may or may not be something that adds to that.
If you have more specific goals, like making progress (learning bending, scales, keeping time, improvising, etc...), setting time for practice and sticking with it over the next few months, or maybe playing out by a certain date, a custom harmonica would help with that.

Most of the same goals that I can imagine a beginner would have would be helped a lot by taking lessons from a good teacher. There are world-class players that offer live lessons over the internet at reasonable rates. If your goal is to make progress fast, nothing will be more effective than taking some lessons.

If you have a budget in mind for a custom harmonica, I suggest you take at least some of it and get some lessons before you invest in a custom harp.

At that point, I think there is strong evidence that a custom instrument will help you learn faster, it can make practicing more enjoyable and indirectly increase the amount of time you spend practicing, and it can help avoid developing bad habits. Specifically, the diatonic harmonica is most expressive when used with fine motor control.
A stock harmonica requires much more muscle to play than a custom instrument.
It's best to develop fine motor control first, and then develop muscle strength and endurance. If you do it in the other order, most people will develop the wrong muscles and spend a considerable amount of time unlearning the bad habits. It shouldn't take years for a diatonic harmonica player to develop nice tone.
But it's very common because it's hard to learn to relax the muscles of our vocal tract that we don't need to play harp.

Yes, a custom harmonica is a good idea for a beginner, but only if it's part of a more comprehensive plan with specific goals.

I hope that helps!

A good file for tuning a reed.

By Andrew | 3:53 PM EDT, Tue April 15, 2025
  • Andrew's Blog

"Recently, the price of Grobet files has exploded. I can't afford to put them in my kits."

A file is my preferred way to tune a harmonica reed. With good support of the underside of the reed, you can raise or lower the pitch by a whole semitone without changing the shape or affecting the performance of the reed.

I've been using 0-cut Grobet files which are Swiss type.

Swiss pattern files have a crisscross cut. 0 cut is the right grit - more coarse is too rough and any more fine just polishes the brass instead of removing it and clearing it with every stroke.

Grobet is an American company with a French name that makes Swiss files in Italy.

Recently, the price of Grobet files has exploded. I can't afford to put them in my kits.

I explored less expensive files. There are some problems but I've found a solution.

As they come from the factory, all of the more affordable files have troubles when used for harmonica work. They can wreck a reed. With some attention to detail and patience, I figured out how to correct those defects. The corrected files work just as well as my favorite - and exorbitant - Grobet files. I can't tell the difference.

In both photos here, you can see both files pattern close up and the results of tuning. It's the same.

Soon, my stock of Grobet files will run out and my tool kits will come with files that I've customized for harmonica work.

Dark Comb model types

By Andrew | 3:35 PM EDT, Sat April 12, 2025

My combs make your instrument comfortable and easy to play. These are the only combs available to have been flattened to my standards.

Models:
Marine Band

Marine Band Deluxe, Marine Band Crossover and Thunderbird. Also suits Marine Band 1896 harmonicas if you want to change the nails to screws. This includes:
- Marine Band 1896 (1950s to current *).
- Pre-war Marine Bands, including "mouse ear".
- Pre-MS Blues Harps
- Wooden-combed Old Standy.
- Pre-MS Meisterklasse

(*) Marine Band 1896 harmonicas manufactured around the end of the 1980s and beginning of 1990s had a slightly different nail hole pattern and you can chose to only use two screws to hold the plates to the comb or to do a little extra work to create a third hole in the plate. These harps offer much less potential than Hohner harmonicas made before or after this period. I suggest you lower your expectations when trying to upgrade these instruments.

MS Series

Fits the following harps:
Big River
Blues Harp
Crossharp
Proharp
MeisterKlasse

Golden Melody

Fits Golden Melody classic harmonicas



Suzuki

Fits the following harps:
Suzuki Manji, Promaster, Suzuki Olive.

Also fits
- Dabell Contender
- Dabell Noble
- Suzuki HarpMaster, BluesMaster (*)
- Bushman Delta Frost(*)

The stock Manji comb is slightly smaller than the reed plates. My comb is a hair bigger than the plates so that the harp is more comfortable to hold.

Seydel

Fits Seydel 1847
SOLIST PRO
and
FAVORITE

Order combs HERE.

I will not be offering custom Golden Melody Progressive series harmonicas

By Andrew | 10:10 AM EST, Wed March 05, 2025

Hohner has made some of the best instruments and it dominates the diatonic harmonica market worldwide. There is no company with a bigger share of the market. Not even close.

When Mathias Hohner developed the Marine Band 1896, he was the innovator, the machinist, the product manager, the shop worker, marketer and owner. It took him years to develop the gold standard harmonica with the magic reeds. Once he got it, he was hesitant to change.

And once his kids continued on, the product stayed mostly the same with some slight changes and an almost unnoticeable drop in quality until the late 1980s.

Then Hohner had some ideas.

Mostly bad ones.

To try to be more competitive, the shop significantly lowered its standards and Marine Band harmonicas in the 80s and 90 were terrible. They eventually noticed their mistake and tried to return the quality of the 1896 back to what it was.

Marine Band 1896

They also tried to automate the process and created a new design that could be made with less human work required. The MS series mostly sucked. The reeds are further away from your vocal tract because the reed plates are bigger and the airtightness is just awful.

MS reedplates:

To mitigate the issues with Marine Band wooden combs, they redesigned the sandwich-type harmonica and created a recessed-type instrument with an ABS plastic comb.

That actually worked pretty well.

They stuck to something simple.

Special 20:

By using cheap ABS plastic and not trying to make the comb a feature of the instrument, they created something that was just as playable as a good Marine Band and it surprisingly had a nice tone for an instrument with a 20-cent cheap plastic piece. I think the secret there is the comb is so light and minimalist, it doesn't get in the way of the reeds.

And is has the same magic reeds as in the 1896. So it's a mass-produced Marine Band that doesn't have the risk of comb swelling or failure that the MB 1896 has.

To this day, the Special 20 is the world's best selling off-the-shelf harmonica.

Harmonica customizers take the whole instrument apart and rebuilt it from the ground up. We correct every defect and make the framework perfect so we can properly adjust the reed work and tuning to make the instrument perform exceptionally.

And though we perfect everything, we still assemble the instrument in the best way possible to maintain airtightness for its whole, long, life.

The Classic design of the Golden Melody is a sandwich type, which is very air efficient if the reed plates and comb are perfectly flat.

Sandwich-type Golden Melody:

The Progressive design of the Golden Melody is some weird, douchey nightmare. It seems to be change for the sake of change rather than change for the sake of improvement. The same mass production flaws are present in the new design as the old - and those can be corrected.
But there are also some foundational problems with the instrument so it's not a candidate for customization.

Progressive GM:

Bless its heart.

Hohner should have stuck with simple changes.

"Is there a way to fix it without breaking it or is it just dead?"

By Andrew | 7:11 AM EST, Wed March 05, 2025

Daniel on Facebook asked for help with the nine draw reed. Here is what I would do.

Flat Sanding the draw reed plate for airtightness

By Andrew | 5:13 PM EST, Wed February 26, 2025

This is the simplest thing you can do to any diatonic harmonica to get the most improvement.

Use 220 grit sandpaper and a flat surface. No need to buy a precision surface plate made of granite. Just something very flat. And one quick pass with 220 grit is all you need. More passes and a finer grit will actually make things worse and make the surface round, albeit shiny and polished - which is not what we want.

For more improvement, use one of my Dark combs:
https://harp.andrewzajac.ca/Combs

How to use my Quick Customizing Videos

By Andrew | 12:12 PM EST, Thu February 13, 2025

My Quick Videos are jam packed with all the information you need. Even the intro clip gives you insights that you can't find anywhere else.

All of the customizing concepts I use on my custom harmonicas are covered here. This set is complete.

There is a pdf with extra information and charts you might like to print out and keep handy in your workspace.

The twelve videos run for a total of 31 minutes.

This doesn't mean that you will cover all the material in about a half an hour. Most of the techniques and concepts will take you weeks of practice to learn. You will need to get your hands dirty and do the work.
Everybody learns differently. Some need some step by step and others need to do things for themselves and will only need to get a few hints along the way.

For the player who really doesn't want to have to do any work on their instrument - but we all have to - these videos try to show you what to do so that you can get right back to playing.
For the player who is curious about getting more power and response from their instrument, the more advanced videos show you what you should aim for. You will probably watch some of the videos more than a dozen times as you make progress and gain experience before you have gotten everything they have to offer.

I recently reviewed every video looking for things I could improve. I thought I could update them. But I don't think I can do any better. They still hold up.
They do exactly what they say they do and I think you will get a lot of value from them.

Multi tool: One of the reasons I find it really cool!

By Andrew | 9:33 AM EDT, Wed October 23, 2024

Sometimes I solve a problem and that leads to a new standard way of doing things. Here, I show you how I leapfrogged from trying to make a task a bit faster and more convenient and discovered how the new method was also better and more predictable than the old way.
I integrated this change into my Multi tool.

Buy it from RockinRon

Andrew Zajac customization multi-tool

By Andrew | 7:44 AM EDT, Wed September 04, 2024

An intuitive design makes this tool help you upgrade or customize the inner workings of your harmonica with maximum speed and precision.

Use it for:

Framework
- Help the process of centring the rivet pads on the reed plate
- Embossing

Reed work
- Use this tool to shape the reeds for optimum response, tone and volume dynamics

Tuning
- Raise the pitch or lower the pitch without affecting the reed shape

Includes tool, written instructions plus diagrams, and a QR code to access a detailed video.

This tool will be available to my dealers before I offer it on my website. Please check with them!

Tools

Essential Tool Kit

By Andrew | 8:53 AM EST, Sun November 12, 2023

My tools are expensive!! I put a lot of work into each piece. They are the exact same tools I use on my workbench when I customise harmonicas. I know they work well and will last a long time.

I've added a minimalist kit to my tools so that you can make your own choice about what you need and save some money.

The Essential kit is my Basic Kit with fewer add-ons and it doesn't include the Grobet file.

Tuning is an important aspect of harmonica maintenance but it may be less important to some players. For those folks, I offer a method that uses easily obtainable 120-grit sandpaper to make tuning adjustments using my reed support tool.

As with my other kits, email support is provided with the purchase of these tools. Within the first 90 days of purchase, I will answer any question about using the tools, just email me your questions.

See the Essential Kit page.

__________






__________







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__________




Essential Tool Kit

By Andrew | 8:15 AM EST, Sun November 12, 2023

These are the essential tools you need to keep your harmonicas playing well. Use these tools to adjust your harmonicas, correct factory defects to make your instruments more powerful and play more smoothly.

Includes:

Brass reed tool
Dual Reed wrench
Reed support tool with tail
Compact Reed Plate Claws™

_______________________

Items you will need (not included but easily found at a hardware store):

- small screwdriver
- 120 grit sandpaper for tuning

_______________________

This kit provides what you need to work on harps anywhere.

Use this kit to:
-Adjust reed shape and gap
-Fix Reed Centering
-Correct the most common manufacturer defect and give your harmonicas more power.
-Make tuning adjustments




_______________________

These tools are hand-made from solid brass and tempered high-carbon steel. Use these tools on all types of reeds (including Brass, Phosphor Bronze and Stainless Steel reeds).

They are shipped promptly.

Email support is provided with the purchase of these tools. Within the first 90 days of purchase, I will answer any question about using the tools, just email me your questions.

Tools

Weird Science

By Andrew | 6:07 AM EDT, Thu October 19, 2023

If reed work seems like an occult art or weird science, or if embossing feels like a dangerous idea, maybe you aren't looking at things the right way. Maybe you don't understand what you are seeing or what you should be seeing?

Here's a hint. Tilt your phone.

If you aren't reading this on a phone, print it out!

See also this post from a few years ago around the same subject. It has a video!

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All blog posts

Compact reed plate claws tweak 1 day ago
Music makes us human 4 days 9 hours ago
The Hockey Stick (for tuning the harmonica) 1 week ago
(FAQ) Should a rank beginner buy a custom harmonica? 1 week 5 days ago
A good file for tuning a reed. 3 weeks 2 days ago
Dark Comb model types 3 weeks 5 days ago
I will not be offering custom Golden Melody Progressive series harmonicas 2 months ago
"Is there a way to fix it without breaking it or is it just dead?" 2 months ago
Flat Sanding the draw reed plate for airtightness 2 months 1 week ago
How to use my Quick Customizing Videos 2 months 3 weeks ago
Multi tool: One of the reasons I find it really cool! 6 months 2 weeks ago
Andrew Zajac customization multi-tool 8 months ago
Essential Tool Kit 1 year 5 months ago
Essential Tool Kit 1 year 5 months ago
Weird Science 1 year 6 months ago
From an email: Common question about temperament 1 year 7 months ago
Off-menu items 1 year 7 months ago
"How do I make my harmonica play like a custom harp?" 1 year 7 months ago
Replacement reeds odyssey 1 year 11 months ago
Half-Step bends 2 years ago
Standard and Compact Reed Plate Claws 2 years 3 months ago
Altering Standard Richter to Spiral Tuning 2 years 5 months ago
Hohner PentaHarp 3 years 7 months ago
The Reed Plate Holder 3 years 9 months ago
A new video for the Reed Plate Claws™. 3 years 9 months ago
Experimental Golden Melody comb 3 years 9 months ago
Key Label Stickers - 160 labels per sheet 3 years 11 months ago
Overblows, Overdraws and Tight Gaps 4 years ago
Torsional Vibrations 4 years ago
Myths 4 years ago
Every day is reed work day 4 years 2 months ago
Hohner Flex Case M 4 years 6 months ago
How to play the full chromatic scale on a diatonic harmonica 4 years 7 months ago
Altering Standard Richter to Wilde Tuning 4 years 8 months ago
Marine Band Reed Chart 4 years 9 months ago
Marine Band Reed Chart - High-Resolution PDF download only 4 years 9 months ago
Upgraded Marine Band covers 4 years 9 months ago
Embossing is part of Framework 5 years ago
Embossing does not fix air leak 5 years 1 month ago
What tools do I need? 5 years 1 month ago
Quick Videos 5 years 1 month ago
Opening the back of a Special 20 or Marine Band 1896 5 years 1 month ago
Covid19: (How) should I clean my harmonica? 5 years 1 month ago
Most of my products are made partly or entirely by hand 5 years 2 months ago
It's difficult to make an embossing tool 5 years 2 months ago
Marine Band comb in Original Hohner Meisterklasse (pre-MS) 5 years 3 months ago
A new comb color 5 years 3 months ago
Is a custom harmonica "better" than a stock harp? 5 years 4 months ago
Question: Why are the positions numbered like that? 5 years 5 months ago
What are the steps to customizing a harmonica? 5 years 6 months ago
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Custom diatonic harmonicas, Hohner Affiliated Customizer.
I customize Hohner Marine Band, Rocket, Special 20, and Golden Melody harmonicas.
Andrew Zajac, Kingston Ontario, Canada.
I use a continuous quality improvement process. I use regular evaluation and incremental steps to strive for constant improvement.
Website, text, photos, videos, download documents, designs and products by Andrew Zajac are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
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